College Final ExamUniversityAnthropology

Cultural Anthropology Study Guide

A standard undergraduate cultural anthropology course: anthropological methods (ethnography, fieldwork, participant observation), culture concepts, language and communication, subsistence strategies, economic systems, kinship and family, political organization, religion and belief systems, gender and sexuality, race and ethnicity, globalization, and applied anthropology.

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12 Topics Covered

1

Introduction to Anthropology and the Anthropological Perspective

Four subfields, holism, cultural relativism vs ethnocentrism, and seeing the familiar as strange.

2

Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology

Ethnography, participant observation, fieldwork ethics, emic/etic perspectives, reflexivity, and challenges of representation.

3

The Concept of Culture

Defining culture as learned, shared, symbolic, integrated, and dynamic; enculturation, cultural universals, and change.

4

Language, Communication, and Culture

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, sociolinguistics, code-switching, language endangerment, and nonverbal communication across cultures.

5

Subsistence Strategies and Environmental Adaptation

Foraging, pastoralism, horticulture, agriculture, and industrialism; labor patterns, sustainability, and ecological relationships.

6

Economic Anthropology

Reciprocity types, redistribution, market exchange, gift economies, Mauss, kula ring, and economic inequality.

7

Kinship, Marriage, and Family

Descent systems, marriage patterns, residence rules, kinship terminology, fictive kinship, and changing family forms.

8

Political Organization and Power

Bands, tribes, chiefdoms, states; authority, legitimacy, conflict resolution, colonialism, and postcolonial governance.

9

Religion, Ritual, and Belief Systems

Theoretical approaches, animism, rites of passage, Turner's communitas, shamanism, syncretism, and religious change.

10

Gender, Sexuality, and Culture

Sex versus gender, cross-cultural gender roles, third genders, gender stratification, and feminist anthropology.

11

Race, Ethnicity, and Identity

Race as social construct, structural racism, ethnicity, ethnic conflict, indigenous rights, and multiculturalism.

12

Globalization and Applied Anthropology

Cultural flows, transnationalism, hybridization, medical and development anthropology, advocacy, and ethical responsibilities.

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