Free Study Guides
119 study guides with practice questions, flashcards, quizzes, and summaries. Pick your course and start studying for free.
Accounting (2)
Financial Accounting
An introductory college financial accounting course covering the accounting equation, the accounting cycle, financial statements, adjusting and closing entries, inventory, receivables, long-term assets, liabilities, and equity.
Managerial Accounting
The second accounting course for business majors: cost concepts and classifications, job-order and process costing, activity-based costing, cost-volume-profit analysis, budgeting, standard costing and variance analysis, relevant costs for decision-making, and capital budgeting.
Administrative Law (1)
Auditing & Attestation (1)
Biology (6)
General Biology I
The first semester of a college biology sequence: cell biology, molecular biology, genetics, and evolutionary principles.
General Biology II
The second semester of a college biology sequence: plant biology (structure, transport, reproduction), animal physiology (organ systems, homeostasis), ecology (population dynamics, community interactions, ecosystems, biomes), evolution (natural selection, speciation, phylogenetics), biodiversity (classification, survey of major taxa), and conservation biology.
Genetics
A standard undergraduate genetics course: Mendelian genetics and extensions (incomplete dominance, codominance, epistasis, pleiotropy, polygenic inheritance), chromosomal basis of inheritance, linkage and recombination, molecular biology of the gene (DNA replication, transcription, translation), gene regulation (prokaryotic and eukaryotic), mutation and DNA repair, genomics and bioinformatics, population genetics, and quantitative genetics.
Human Anatomy & Physiology I
The first semester of a college human anatomy and physiology sequence: cells and tissues, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, and sensory systems.
Human Anatomy & Physiology II
The second semester of a college human anatomy and physiology sequence: the endocrine system, cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels), lymphatic system and immunity, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, fluid/electrolyte/acid-base balance, and the reproductive system.
Microbiology
An introductory college microbiology course: microbial cell structure and function, microbial metabolism and growth, microbial genetics, virology, immunology fundamentals, pathogenesis and epidemiology, antimicrobial agents, and clinical microbiology of major bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens.
Business (10)
Business Communication
A core undergraduate business communication course: principles of effective communication, audience analysis, professional writing (emails, memos, reports, proposals), oral presentations and public speaking, team communication and collaboration, intercultural communication, visual communication and data presentation, persuasion and negotiation, crisis communication, and digital and social media communication.
Business Law
An introductory undergraduate business law course: the legal system and court structure, contract law (formation, performance, breach, remedies), torts and product liability, agency and employment law, business organizations, intellectual property, government regulation, and ethics in business law.
Entrepreneurship
An introductory undergraduate entrepreneurship course: the entrepreneurial mindset, opportunity recognition and evaluation, business models and lean startup methodology, market research and customer discovery, business planning, financing and fundraising, legal structures and intellectual property, marketing for startups, operations and scaling, and entrepreneurial ethics and social enterprise.
Human Resource Management
A core undergraduate human resource management course: strategic HRM, job analysis and design, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation and benefits, employee relations, employment law, diversity and inclusion, and HR analytics and technology.
Introduction to Business
A survey of the business environment for undergraduates: forms of business ownership, management and leadership, human resources, marketing fundamentals, operations management, accounting and finance basics, entrepreneurship, ethics and social responsibility, and the global business environment.
Negotiation & Decision Making
An undergraduate course on negotiation theory and decision-making: negotiation fundamentals, distributive bargaining, integrative negotiation, BATNA and reservation prices, cognitive biases in negotiation, communication and persuasion tactics, multiparty and team negotiation, cross-cultural negotiation, ethics in negotiation, decision-making under uncertainty, behavioral economics foundations, and dispute resolution.
Operations Management
A core undergraduate operations management course: operations strategy, process design and analysis, capacity planning, quality management (TQM, Six Sigma), inventory management, supply chain management, project management, forecasting, aggregate planning, and lean operations.
Organizational Behavior
A standard undergraduate organizational behavior course: individual behavior (personality, perception, motivation, decision-making), group dynamics (teams, communication, conflict, power, politics), organizational-level processes (culture, structure, change management, leadership), and contemporary topics (diversity, ethics, stress, remote work).
Project Management
An undergraduate project management course aligned with PMI standards: project management framework and lifecycle, project integration management, scope management, schedule management (critical path, Gantt), cost management (earned value), quality management, resource management, communication management, risk management, procurement management, stakeholder management, and agile/hybrid approaches.
Strategic Management
A capstone undergraduate strategic management course: the strategic management process, external environment analysis (PESTEL, Five Forces, industry life cycle), internal analysis (resources, capabilities, VRIO, value chain), business-level strategies (cost leadership, differentiation, focus), corporate-level strategies (diversification, vertical integration, mergers and acquisitions), international strategy, strategic alliances, strategy implementation and organizational design, corporate governance and ethics, and strategic leadership.
Business Analysis & Reporting (1)
Business Associations (1)
CFA Level I (1)
CFA Level II (1)
Chemistry (4)
General Chemistry I
The first semester of a college general chemistry sequence: atomic structure, periodicity, bonding, stoichiometry, gases, thermochemistry, and chemical equilibrium fundamentals.
General Chemistry II
The second semester of a college general chemistry sequence: chemical kinetics (rate laws, reaction mechanisms, catalysis), chemical equilibrium (Le Chatelier's principle, Kp and Kc), acids and bases (pH, buffers, titrations, polyprotic acids), solubility equilibria (Ksp, common-ion effect), thermodynamics (entropy, Gibbs free energy, spontaneity), electrochemistry (galvanic and electrolytic cells, Nernst equation), and nuclear chemistry.
Organic Chemistry I
The first semester of a two-semester undergraduate organic chemistry sequence: structure and bonding (hybridization, Lewis structures, resonance, formal charge), functional groups, nomenclature (IUPAC), stereochemistry (chirality, R/S configuration, optical activity, meso compounds), conformational analysis, acids and bases in organic chemistry, substitution reactions (SN1, SN2), elimination reactions (E1, E2), and an introduction to addition reactions of alkenes.
Organic Chemistry II
The second semester of a two-semester undergraduate organic chemistry sequence: conjugated systems and aromaticity, electrophilic aromatic substitution, reactions of alcohols and ethers, oxidation and reduction, aldehydes and ketones (nucleophilic addition), carboxylic acids and derivatives (acyl substitution), enolate chemistry, amines, multi-step synthesis design, spectroscopy (IR, NMR, mass spec), and an introduction to biological molecules.
Civil Procedure (1)
Communication (3)
Introduction to Communications
A standard undergraduate introduction to the communications field: communication theory and models, verbal communication and language, nonverbal communication, listening, interpersonal communication and relationships, small-group and team communication, organizational communication, intercultural communication, mass communication history and industries, media effects and literacy, digital and social-media communication, and communication ethics.
Public Speaking
A standard undergraduate public speaking course: speech communication foundations, managing speech anxiety, audience analysis, topic selection and research, speech organization and outlining, introductions and conclusions, supporting materials and evidence, informative speaking, persuasive speaking, special occasion speeches, delivery techniques (vocal and physical), visual aids and presentation technology, listening and critique, and ethical communication.
Technical Writing
A standard undergraduate technical writing course: foundations of technical communication and audience analysis, the writing process for technical documents, document design and visual communication, style and clarity for technical prose, definitions, descriptions, and process writing, instructions and procedures, technical reports (informal, formal, progress, recommendation), proposals, correspondence (memos, emails, business letters), collaborative writing and project documentation, usability, accessibility, and documentation for digital products, and ethics, intellectual property, and plain language.
Computer Science (3)
Data Structures & Algorithms
The second undergraduate computer science course: algorithm analysis (Big-O notation), arrays and linked lists, stacks and queues, recursion, trees (binary, BST, AVL, heaps), hash tables, graphs (BFS, DFS, shortest path), sorting algorithms, and algorithm design strategies (divide-and-conquer, greedy, dynamic programming).
Database Systems
A standard undergraduate database systems course: relational data model, SQL (DDL, DML, queries, joins, subqueries, aggregation), entity-relationship modeling, normalization (1NF through BCNF), transaction management, indexing and query optimization, NoSQL concepts, and database application development.
Introduction to Computer Science
A standard introductory college programming course taught in Java: variables, control flow, arrays, object-oriented programming, recursion, and basic algorithms.
Constitutional Law (1)
Contract Law (1)
Criminal Law & Procedure (1)
Economics (2)
Principles of Macroeconomics
An introductory college macroeconomics course: GDP and national income, inflation and unemployment, aggregate demand and supply, monetary and fiscal policy, and international trade fundamentals.
Principles of Microeconomics
An introductory college microeconomics course: supply and demand, elasticity, market structures, welfare analysis, factor markets, and market failures.
English (2)
English Composition I
Freshman composition — a universally required college course covering the writing process, thesis construction, rhetorical analysis, argumentation, source integration, and MLA/APA citation.
English Composition II
The second course in a college composition sequence: research writing, argument analysis, literary analysis, and advanced rhetorical strategies.
Evidence Law (1)
Family Law (1)
Finance (5)
Corporate Finance
An introductory undergraduate corporate finance course: time value of money, financial statement analysis, capital budgeting (NPV, IRR, payback), risk and return, cost of capital (WACC), capital structure, dividend policy, working capital management, and an introduction to mergers and valuation.
Credit & Debt Strategy
A practical undergraduate course on credit and debt management: understanding credit scores and reports, building credit, types of credit and loans, interest rates and APR, student loan management, credit card strategy, debt reduction methods (avalanche, snowball), debt consolidation, bankruptcy basics, consumer protection laws, and long-term credit health planning.
Investing Basics
A practical undergraduate course on investing fundamentals: financial markets and instruments, stocks (valuation, analysis, trading), bonds (pricing, yield, duration), mutual funds and ETFs, portfolio construction and diversification, risk management, behavioral finance, retirement accounts, and evaluating investment performance.
Personal Finance
A practical undergraduate course in personal financial management: financial planning and goal-setting, budgeting and cash flow, banking and financial institutions, credit and debt management, taxes (federal income tax basics, W-2, 1040, deductions), insurance (health, auto, renters, life), investing fundamentals (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, risk and return), retirement planning (401k, IRA, Roth, compound growth), and consumer decision-making.
Real Estate Basics
A practical undergraduate course on real estate fundamentals: property types and ownership, the real estate market, home buying process (financing, mortgages, closing), real estate investment analysis, property valuation methods, landlord-tenant relationships, real estate law basics, and real estate as part of a financial plan.
Financial Accounting & Reporting (1)
General Educational Development (1)
Geography (2)
Human Geography
A standard undergraduate human geography course: thinking geographically and the discipline, population geography, migration, folk and popular culture, languages and linguistic geography, religions and their geographic expression, ethnicity race and identity, political geography, agriculture and food systems, economic development, industry and services, and urbanization and urban patterns.
World Geography
A standard undergraduate world regional geography course: geography as a discipline and spatial thinking, physical geography foundations, population and migration, cultural geography, political geography, economic geography and development, North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East & North Africa, Asia (East, South, Southeast, Central), and Oceania, Antarctica, and globalization.
Global Sourcing and Trade Compliance (1)
Health Sciences (5)
Epidemiology
A standard undergraduate epidemiology course: history and principles of epidemiology, measures of disease frequency (incidence, prevalence, mortality), measures of association (relative risk, odds ratio, attributable risk), study designs (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, experimental), bias and confounding, causal inference, screening and surveillance, outbreak investigation, and infectious and chronic disease epidemiology.
Medical Terminology
A foundational course in medical terminology: word roots, prefixes, and suffixes; anatomical terminology and body planes; and system-by-system terminology covering musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, integumentary, and special senses systems.
Pathophysiology
An introductory pathophysiology course for health-science students: cellular injury and adaptation, inflammation and tissue repair, immune system disorders, cardiovascular pathophysiology, respiratory disorders, renal pathophysiology, gastrointestinal disorders, endocrine disorders, neurological disorders, and hematologic disorders.
Pharmacology
An introductory pharmacology course for health-science students: pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion), pharmacodynamics (receptors, dose-response, agonists/antagonists), autonomic pharmacology, cardiovascular drugs, CNS pharmacology, antimicrobial agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, endocrine pharmacology, and principles of safe medication administration.
Public Health
An introductory undergraduate public health course: foundations of public health, epidemiology basics, biostatistics for public health, social determinants of health, health behavior and promotion, environmental health, infectious disease control, chronic disease prevention, health policy and systems, and global health challenges.
History (2)
International Business Management (1)
International Finance and Currency Markets (1)
International Logistics and Supply Chain (1)
International Trade Compliance (1)
Language (4)
French I
A first-semester college French course: pronunciation and the French alphabet, greetings and introductions, present tense of regular and irregular verbs, articles and gender/number agreement, question formation, negation, adjective placement and agreement, telling time and dates, family and descriptions, food and ordering, daily routines with reflexive verbs, and foundational vocabulary for everyday communication.
French II
A second-semester college French course building on French I: passé composé with avoir and être, imparfait, passé composé vs imparfait contrast, direct and indirect object pronouns (combined), y and en, imperative mood, introduction to the subjunctive, comparative and superlative, future and conditional tenses, relative pronouns, and expanded vocabulary for travel, health, and professional contexts.
Spanish I
A first-semester college Spanish course: pronunciation and the alphabet, greetings and introductions, present tense of regular and irregular verbs, ser vs estar, gender and number agreement, articles and adjectives, question formation, telling time and dates, family and descriptions, food and ordering, daily routines with reflexive verbs, and foundational vocabulary for everyday communication.
Spanish II
A second-semester college Spanish course building on Spanish I: preterite tense of regular and irregular verbs, imperfect tense, preterite vs imperfect contrast, direct and indirect object pronouns (combined), formal and informal commands, present subjunctive (introduction), por vs para, comparatives and superlatives, expanded vocabulary for travel, health, and professional contexts, and intermediate reading and writing.
Mathematics (8)
Calculus I
The first course in a standard undergraduate calculus sequence: limits, continuity, derivatives and their applications, integration, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
Calculus I & II
A full undergraduate calculus sequence covering limits, differentiation, integration, sequences, series, parametric/polar functions, and vector-valued functions.
Calculus II
The second course in a standard undergraduate calculus sequence: techniques of integration (substitution, integration by parts, partial fractions, trigonometric integrals and substitution), applications of integration (arc length, surface area, work, hydrostatic force), improper integrals, infinite sequences and series (convergence tests, power series, Taylor and Maclaurin series), parametric equations, and polar coordinates.
College Algebra
A standard college algebra / precalculus course: functions, polynomials, exponentials, logarithms, systems of equations, inequalities, sequences, and an introduction to trigonometry.
Differential Equations
A standard undergraduate differential equations course: first-order ODEs (separable, linear, exact, substitution methods), higher-order linear ODEs with constant coefficients, Laplace transforms, systems of linear ODEs, series solutions, and applications (population models, circuits, mechanical vibrations).
Discrete Mathematics
A standard undergraduate discrete mathematics course: logic and proof techniques, sets and functions, number theory, counting and combinatorics, relations, graph theory, trees, Boolean algebra, and algorithm analysis.
Linear Algebra
A standard undergraduate linear algebra course: systems of linear equations, matrices and matrix operations, determinants, vector spaces and subspaces, linear transformations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, orthogonality, and applications to geometry and data science.
Probability & Statistics (Applied)
An applied probability and statistics course for STEM and business students: probability foundations (axioms, counting rules, conditional probability, Bayes' theorem), discrete and continuous distributions, sampling distributions, point and interval estimation, hypothesis testing, ANOVA, regression and correlation, nonparametric methods, and applications in real-world decision-making.
NCLEX-PN Practical Nursing Licensure (1)
NCLEX-RN Nursing Licensure (1)
Philosophy (2)
Ethics
A standard undergraduate ethics course: metaethics (moral realism, relativism, subjectivism), normative theories (utilitarianism, Kantian deontology, virtue ethics, care ethics, social contract theory), applied ethics (bioethics, business ethics, environmental ethics, technology ethics), and moral reasoning skills (identifying moral arguments, evaluating thought experiments, addressing moral disagreement).
Introduction to Philosophy
A standard introductory college philosophy course covering logic, epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, philosophy of mind, and political philosophy.
Physics (2)
General Physics I
The first semester of an algebra-based college physics course for life-science and non-engineering majors: mechanics, energy, momentum, rotational motion, and simple harmonic motion.
General Physics II
The second semester of an algebra-based college physics course: electricity (Coulomb's law, electric fields, Gauss's law, electric potential, capacitance), DC circuits (Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's rules, RC circuits), magnetism (magnetic fields, Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, electromagnetic induction, Faraday's law), AC circuits, electromagnetic waves, optics (reflection, refraction, lenses, mirrors, interference, diffraction), and an introduction to modern physics (relativity basics, photoelectric effect, atomic spectra).
Psychology (8)
Abnormal Psychology
A standard undergraduate abnormal psychology course: defining abnormality, classification systems (DSM-5-TR), research methods, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, trauma/stress disorders, depressive and bipolar disorders, schizophrenia spectrum, personality disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, and treatment approaches (psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy).
Cognitive Psychology
A standard undergraduate cognitive psychology course: perception, attention, memory systems (sensory, working, long-term), knowledge representation, language processing, problem-solving and decision-making, reasoning and judgment, cognitive development, and cognitive neuroscience foundations.
Developmental Psychology
A standard undergraduate developmental psychology course: research methods in development, prenatal development and birth, infancy (physical, cognitive, social-emotional), early and middle childhood, adolescence, emerging and early adulthood, middle and late adulthood, death and dying, with coverage of major theories (Piaget, Vygotsky, Erikson, Bowlby, Kohlberg, Bronfenbrenner).
Health Psychology
A standard undergraduate health psychology course: the biopsychosocial model, health behavior and behavior change theories, stress and coping, psychoneuroimmunology, pain perception and management, chronic illness and adjustment, cardiovascular disease and behavioral risk factors, cancer psychology, HIV/AIDS and infectious disease, eating behavior and obesity, substance use and addiction, sleep and health, health disparities, patient-provider communication, and health promotion.
Human Development Across the Lifespan
An interdisciplinary lifespan development course covering physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development from conception through death: prenatal development, infancy and toddlerhood, early and middle childhood, adolescence, emerging and early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood — with emphasis on practical applications for nursing, education, social work, and counseling.
Introduction to Psychology
A standard introductory college psychology course covering the brain and behavior, cognition, learning, memory, development, personality, social psychology, and psychological disorders.
Research Methods in Psychology
A core undergraduate research methods course for psychology majors: the scientific method, ethics in research, measurement and reliability, experimental design, correlational research, quasi-experimental designs, survey methods, observational research, descriptive and inferential statistics, APA-style writing, and critical evaluation of published research.
Social Psychology
A standard undergraduate social psychology course: social cognition (attribution, schemas, heuristics), the self (self-concept, self-esteem, self-presentation), attitudes and persuasion, conformity and obedience, group processes, prejudice and discrimination, aggression, prosocial behavior, interpersonal attraction, and applied social psychology.
Real Property Law (1)
Secured Transactions (1)
Social Science (2)
Introduction to Criminal Justice
A standard introductory criminal justice course: the criminal justice system overview, crime measurement and theories of crime, criminal law foundations, policing (history, structure, operations), the court system (structure, processes, key actors), sentencing and punishment philosophies, corrections (jails, prisons, community corrections), juvenile justice, victimology, and current issues in criminal justice.
Introduction to Political Science
A standard introductory political science course: the study of politics and political science methods, political ideologies, the state and sovereignty, constitutions and constitutional design, legislatures, executives, judiciaries, political parties and elections, interest groups and media, comparative political systems, international relations foundations, and political economy.