General Biology II Study Guide
The second semester of a college biology sequence: plant biology (structure, transport, reproduction), animal physiology (organ systems, homeostasis), ecology (population dynamics, community interactions, ecosystems, biomes), evolution (natural selection, speciation, phylogenetics), biodiversity (classification, survey of major taxa), and conservation biology.
Practice General Biology II with AI
Get flashcards, quizzes, timed tests, summaries, and more — all calibrated to College Final Exam format.
12 Topics Covered
Foundations of Evolutionary Theory
Darwin's theory, evidence for evolution, and natural selection as the unifying framework for all biological understanding.
Population Genetics and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Allele frequencies, genetic equilibrium conditions, and mathematical approaches to measuring evolutionary change in populations.
Mechanisms of Evolution and Speciation
Natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and how reproductive isolation drives allopatric and sympatric speciation.
Phylogenetics and Systematics
Cladistics, constructing and interpreting phylogenetic trees, molecular systematics, and classification across domains and kingdoms.
Biodiversity: Plant and Animal Phyla
Major evolutionary innovations, key animal and plant phyla, and structural adaptations across the tree of life.
Plant Structure, Growth, and Transport
Roots, stems, leaves, meristems, xylem and phloem function, and transpiration mechanisms essential for plant survival.
Plant Reproduction and Development
Flower structure, pollination strategies, fertilization, seed development, and fruit formation linking structure to function.
Animal Physiology: Circulation, Respiration, and Digestion
Circulatory, respiratory, and digestive system structure-function relationships maintaining homeostasis across diverse animal taxa.
Animal Physiology: Nervous, Endocrine, and Immune Systems
Neural signaling, hormonal regulation, immune responses, and feedback mechanisms coordinating complex physiological processes.
Population and Community Ecology
Population growth models, carrying capacity, life histories, competition, predation, symbiosis, and ecological succession dynamics.
Ecosystem Ecology and Biomes
Energy flow, trophic levels, nutrient cycling, terrestrial biomes, and aquatic ecosystems governing global ecological patterns.
Conservation Biology and Global Change
Biodiversity threats, habitat loss, climate change effects, and evidence-based conservation strategies for ecosystem preservation.
What you get with ExamPilot
Ready to ace General Biology II?
Join thousands of students using ExamPilot to pass their exams the first time.
Start practicing for free