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Managerial Accounting Study Guide

The second accounting course for business majors: cost concepts and classifications, job-order and process costing, activity-based costing, cost-volume-profit analysis, budgeting, standard costing and variance analysis, relevant costs for decision-making, and capital budgeting.

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12 Topics Covered

1

Introduction to Managerial Accounting and Ethical Considerations

Distinguishes managerial from financial accounting; covers planning, controlling, decision-making roles, and ethical responsibilities of management accountants.

2

Cost Concepts and Classifications

Classifies costs as variable, fixed, mixed, direct, indirect, product, and period; essential foundation for all subsequent costing topics.

3

Job-Order Costing Systems

Traces costs to individual jobs using job cost sheets, predetermined overhead rates, and journal entries for over/underapplied overhead.

4

Process Costing Systems

Assigns costs in continuous production using equivalent units, weighted-average and FIFO methods, and cost reconciliation reports.

5

Activity-Based Costing

Allocates overhead using multiple cost pools and activity drivers; compares ABC to traditional costing for decision accuracy.

6

Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis

Analyzes breakeven points, target profits, contribution margins, operating leverage, and multi-product sales mix for planning decisions.

7

Variable and Absorption Costing

Compares income measurement methods, reconciles income differences, and analyzes effects of inventory changes on reported profits.

8

Master Budgeting and Profit Planning

Prepares integrated operating and financial budgets including sales, production, cash budgets, and pro forma financial statements.

9

Flexible Budgets and Overhead Analysis

Creates flexible budgets for performance evaluation and analyzes variable and fixed overhead variances for cost control.

10

Standard Costing and Variance Analysis

Sets cost standards and calculates materials, labor, and overhead variances; interprets variances for management by exception.

11

Relevant Costs for Short-Term Decision Making

Identifies relevant costs for special orders, make-or-buy, keep-or-drop, sell-or-process-further, and constrained resource decisions.

12

Capital Budgeting Decisions

Evaluates long-term investments using NPV, IRR, payback period, and accounting rate of return; includes post-audit considerations.

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